Turbine.



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No. 851.886. 7 I PATENTBD APR. 30, 1907.

' W. N. HOOVER.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MARJ, 1907.

2 SHBETSSH1'-BT 2.

UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFICE.

WILLIAM N. HOOVER, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO ROBERT T. JOHNSON, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

TURBINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 30, 1907.

Application filed March 1, 1907. Serial No. 360,039.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WVILLIAu N. HOOVER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbine Steam-Em ines and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in turbine engines adapted to be run by steam, gas or compressed air.

The object of the invention is to provide a power medium of the above type which is simple in construction and is capable of developing a high degree of eflicicncy.

The details of construction and essential characteristics will be more particularly-set forth in the specification and pointed out in the subjoined claims, attention being first directed to the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1, is a longitudinal sectional view of a turbine engine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2, is a cross sectional view on the line 6-4) of Fig. 1.. Fig. 3, is a cross sectional view on the line tt of Fig. 1.

In a detail description, similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts.

A designates a suitable cylindrical casing in point of area and shape, the same being supported upon an appropriate base B, and provided at a point adjacent to said base with an exhaust outlet or pipe C. Revolubly mounted in axial bearlngs D D on the exterior sides of said casing, and extending through the same, is a tubular turbine shaft E having three distinct series of elongated ports F F and G. The former ports, to-wit- F are in the extreme ends of the shaft and lie within the bearings D D. The ends of the shaft are closed as at R and the orifices F F form the inlet ports through which the steam or other energizing agent is admitted uniformly at each end of the shaft to be delivered through the ports G to the driven piston. The bearings D D are suitably enlarged to provide chambers I which are adapted to register with the ports F F in the turbine shaft when the latter is rotated through the medium of the piston. The steam or other agent is conducted to these chambers I through pipes J J which connect with the boiler (not shown.)

Extending between the opposite piston walls H H are a series of elongated nozzles forming ducts, the walls a a ofwvliicli uniformly taper or converge the ends of said walls joining the piston walls H H as before stated. Extending outwardly from the con verging ends of the walls a a, and throughout the lengths of said walls are curved wings or buckets I) b. Each assembly of walls a a and their accompanying wings or buckets b I) act as injectors to direct the steam or other fluid from one to the other to maintain a continuous rotation of the piston. The energizing fluid is initially introduced to two oppositely-disposed ducts K from the ports G in the turbine shaft by continuing or extending said ducts to said shaft as at G and continuing the inclosing walls thereof as at M which join and form a hub N that incloses the portion of the turbine shaft lying within the piston. v It will be seen that as the piston rotates the shaft, the ports F F are alternately caused to register with the inlet chambers I I in the shaft bearings and the outlet ports G in said shaft are likewise caused to register with the extended steam ducts G in the piston, the steam or other fluid is then delivered from one injector or duct to the other, the construction of said ducts being such that the steam or other fluid will be drawn from one duct into the other throughout the series to cause a continued rotation of the piston. The end walls of the piston are provided with a suitable number of openings P for the exhausting steam or other fluid to pass into the surrounding space Q in the casing and thence to the exhaust pipe.

It will be borne in mind that the steam in escaping from one nozzle to the other will create a vacuum at the edge of each nozzle which causes the steam or other fluid in the surrounding chamber to act upon the buckets or vanes b b and create a resistance and in effect the mass of air in the combined nozzles becomes a piston moving in the opposite direction from the rotating turbine; this causes a greater reactionary effect on the revolving turbine giving increased power.

Having described my invention, I claim: 1. In a turbine engine, a casing having exterior axial bearings with suflicient space to form inlet chambers for the energizing fluid, a hollow shaft having two series of inlet ports lying within said chambers, and a series of outlet ports lying between said inlet ports, a piston having two oppositely-disposed initial inlet ducts extending from and communication with an axial hub which incloses the outlet ducts in said shaft, said oppositely-disposed ducts extending and being inclosed throughout the length of the piston, and conducting the energizing fluid from the axis to the periphery thereof, and a series of concentrically-disposed injectors extending the length of said piston and disposed adjacent to the rim thereof, said injectors being so constructed that the steam will pass from one to the other thus causing the continuous rotation of the piston during the period of the admission of the energizing fluid to the turbine shaft.

2. In a turbine engine, a piston having a series of elongated concentrically-disposed nozzles forming injectors, buckets or wings arranged on the opposite sides of the exit ends of said nozzles, a shaft upon which said piston is mounted, said shaft having inlet ports at its ends, and intermediate outlet ports to the nozzles of the piston, and passages forming communications between the inlet ports of said shaft and two of said nozzles o positely-disposed.

3. n a turbine engine, a plurality of nozzles arranged around a common axis of a piston and adapted to inject expansive fluid from one to the other of said nozzles, buckets or wings located adjacent to the discharge ends of said nozzles and within which is created a vacuum by the fluid passing from one nozzle to the other, and a hollow shaft projected through the axis of the piston and having inlet and outlet ports for the energizing fluid, the outlet ports lying within the confines of the piston and adapted to discharge,

intermittently, said energizing fluid to oppositely-disposed nozzles in the rotation of the shaft.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two Witnesses.

WILLIAM N. HOOVER. Witnesses:

R. J. MoOARTY, O. M. THEOBALD. 

